Simple Equations for Predicting Maximum Displacement of Isolation Systems Using Lead Rubber Bearings

Predicting maximum displacement is an important task in designing isolation systems. An effective procedure that widely used for this equivalent linear force (ELF) procedure, which allowed by many contemporary design codes. This uses very basic parameters of the system as well earthquake condition site to analyze displacement. However, ELF procedures are time-consuming because they require iteration process. study employed generate a large database and it develop explicit simple equations can directly calculate systems using lead rubber bearings. The proposed confidently predict calculated procedure. In addition, investigation showed first post-yield stiffness ratio system, difficult accurately determine, has neglected effect on Based observation, equation only three input was proposed. simplified include normalized characteristic strength period 1-s spectral acceleration site. These minimum determine condition. comparison between predicted generates slightly conservative results common designs, therefore suitable practical application.